Telegraphy



P.-B. DELANYi .TELEGRAPHY.

(No Model) No. 575,419. Patented Jan. 19,1897.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

PATRIOK BERNARD DELANY', OF SOUTH ORANGE, NEWV JERSEY.

TELEG RAPHY.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 575,419, dated January19, 1897.

Application filed April 21, 1896. Serial No. 588,481. (No model.)

To to whom it 'H'Mtj/ concern..-

Be it known that- I, PATRICK BERNARD DE- LANY, a citizen of the UnitedStates, residing at South Orange, in the county of Essex and State ofNew Jersey, have invented certain new and useful Improvements inTelegraphy, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to automatic or ma chine telegraphy in which thesending of the transmitted impulses is effected by a tape or ribbonperforated, embossed, punctured, or slit according to any of thewell-known methods that have been suggested in that respect, and inwhich such impulses are received upon a chemical recorder employing aribbon or strip of paper orsuitable material upon which the transmittedimpulses in the form of dots, dashes, or other characters are developedor recorded. In the special embodiment of my invention hereinillustrated and described I have shown it applied in connection with asystem of transmission such as is shown in my Letters Patent No.536,420, dated March 26, 1895, and a system of reception such as isdisclosed in my Letters Patent No. 541, 967, dated July 2, 1895.

The objects of my invention are to prevent the short-circuiting of thetransmitting-battery when the transmitting-tape has run out of theinstrument, to at such time automatically stop the feed of thereceiving-tape and arrest the reel from which it is being drawn, and instarting the receiver to impart to the reel carrying the roll ofreceiving-tape an initial impulse of rotation, thus supplying at thecommencement of the reoeivin g operation a reserve of slack tape andeliminating from the action of the apparatus the inertia of the reel,which, if the receiver were running at relatively high speed, mightcause the rupture of the chemically-treated tape.

The invention further contemplates the use of a telltale at the receiveraudibly indicating that a message is being received regularly and by itsbehavior showing any breaks of the circuit, accidental or otherwise, andthe telltale is so organized and of such character as to be aself-induction generator that may be utilized to counteract the tailingeifects of the transmit-ted signal impulses.

These features, so far as I am aware, are new with me, and it will beobvious to those skilled in the art that various Ways of effecting suchends may be devised. I do not, therefore, limit myself to the specificmechanism or apparatus which I have illustrated herein, although suchorganization is the best now known to me and well adapted to meet therequirements of my invention.

The accompanying drawing is a diagrammatic view illustrating a main lineand a transmitting and receiving station at the respective ends thereof.

Atthe transmittingstation A,I have shown a perforatedtransmitting-ribbon B, which is drawn by means of rolls 1) from anysuitable storage-reel (not shown) through a guide or gutter C andbetween pairs of transmitting contact-fingers D. The uppercontact-fingers are respectively opposite the lower contactfingers, andthe arrangement is such that when a perforation in the ribbon coincideswith the ends of either pair of the contactfingers such fingers comeinto contact through the perforation and effect the transmission of animpulse of electricity from the main battery MB, either of positive ornegative polarity, as the case may be. Thus the upper fingers D areconnected with the line and the lower fingers are respectively connectedwith the opposite poles of the main battery, one of them being soconnected through the backstop and armature-lever of a relay E. Theupper contact-fingers D are movable, being carried by a lever F, pivoted011 a frame F, and drawn down, having an adjusting-spring that causesthe fingers to bear upon the ribbon B. The upper roll 1) is similarlymounted. Pins on an endWise-movable bar engage the upper ends of theselevers when the bar is moved to the right and lift the upper roll I) onupper fingers D. The lower roll I) may run continuously, if desired. Inthe rear of the fingers is an angular dog or lever, also pivoted in theframe, and one end of which, G, bears upon the upper surface of thetransmitting-ribbon and is normally drawn downward by a spring g, and isalso controlled in position by a pin on the endwise-movable bar. Theupper end G of this lever works against a contact-stop g. The lever isconnected through the coils of the relay E to one pole of the localbattery, the opposite pole of which is connected with the stop g. Thegeneral arrangement is such that when the paper is passing under the endG of the lever the opposite end G is held out of engagement with thestop g. In the guide or gutter 3, immediately beneath the end G of thelever, is a depression or perforation, (marked and indicated by dottedlines.)

, When the transmitting-ribbon has run out of the instrument, the end Gof the lever falls into the depression 0 and its opposite end G risesand makes contact with the stop g. The local circuit of the relay E isthus closed and its armature is attracted from its back-stop, thusinterrupting the normal path of the current from one of the lowercontact-fingers to the main battery, and prevents the short-circuitingof this section of the battery. Of course the dog G G might be arrangedto open the battery-circuit direct without the use of a local circuitand magnet The transmitting-ribbon having run out of the instrument, theupper and lower contactfingers D will for a moment (and until theoperator has moved the bar F to elevate the fingers) be in contact, andconsequently one pole of the main battery will be to line, (both of theupper contact-fingers being in the drawing shown as permanentlyconnectedwith the line.) Aprolonged impulse from one pole of the battery willtherefore traverse the line. At the receiving-station the line runs tothe styluses of the chemical recording device, and there is a branch orderived circuit through the coils of a relay H to ground. A rheostat Rhmay be placed in shunt around the relay for adjustment. This relay is soadjusted as not to be responsive to the brief and rapidly-succeedingsignaling impulses, but upon the prolonged impulse referred to the relayattracts its armature and closes a local circuit containing a localbattery Z I), in which are included two magnets I K, which, beingenergized and attracting their armatures, perform the functionshereinafter described. The chemically-prepared receivingribbon L isdrawn from a reel L bya powerdriven roll L between which and apressureroll L the paper ribbon passes. The pressure or feed roll L iscarried upon the end of a vertical lever M, pivoted at m and having aspring that normally draws the roll L against the power driven roll L Onthe vertical lever M, below its pivot, is a yoke, bail, or hook m,between the inner side of which and the lever. is located the pivotedarmature-lever i of the magnet I, and when the apparatus is in conditionfor reception and the tape is passing between the rolls L L and thearmature-lever i is drawn against its back-stop there is a space or freeway between the armature-lever and the bail or hook m. WVhen upon thereception of the prolonged impulse, as above described, thearmature-lever of the magnet I is attracted, it moves forwardunobstructed until it strikes against the bail m, when the lever M isdrawn forward by it and the roll L lifted from the receiving-tape. Thedraft upon the tape is thus stopped and at the same moment the magnet K,attracting its armature-lever, applies the brake 7a to the reel andarrests its rotation. There is therefore no waste of paper and noaccumulation of slack between the roll L and the reel.

Ordinarily in mechanism of this class the receiving operator mustdetermine by observation of the tape when the message is finished, andconsequently there has always been a large waste ofthe prepared tape,and of course the waste is relatively greater as the speed oftransmission and reception is increased.

The receiving operator, noticing that the feed of the receiving-tape isarrested, immediately manipulates the vertical pivoted lever N, whichhas pivotally connected with it a horizontal arm l having thereon twopins 4?. n, which normally respectively engage the upper ends of thevertical lever O, to which the recording -styluses are attached. Themovement of the lever N to the right therefore elevates the stylusesfrom the paper tape and brings the pin a, that engages the lever M, upagainst that lever, so that it is retained in the position it has beencaused to assume by the draft of the armature-lever t. A tooth n on thehorizontal arm N on this latter engages a notch in the horizontal plateor spring P and retains all the parts in the position they are caused toassume when the lever N is moved to the right, and thus upon thedemagnetization of the magnet I the roll L is prevented from coming incontact with the tape, and the reel and tape are at rest. The lower endof the lever N carries a pawl Q, that is normally pressed toward aratchet-wheel Q on the reel by a suitable spring, and is formed with aninclined face at its outer end, that runs upon a pin q, so that in thenormal condition of the apparatus, when the receiving-tape is beingdrawn forward, that is, when the parts are in the condition illustratedin the drawing, the pin q depresses the pawl Q and holds it out ofengagement with the ratchet-wheel on the reel, thus permitting the freerotation of the wheel under the draft of the tape.

Assuming that the operations described have taken place and that thereceiving operator has moved the vertical lever to the right, and thatthe receiving apparatus is at rest, except the roll L which ispreferably constantly driven, the incline on the end or heel of the pawlwill have passed out of engagement with the stop-pin q and the end ofthe pawl will engage the ratchet-wheel on the shaft of the reel. It nowupon the reception of a signal from the station A indicating that amessage is to be sent the receiving operator throws the lever N to theleft, the following things occur: The pawl Q, acting upon theratchet-wheel, imparts an impulse of rotation to the reel of thereceiving-tape, and then the inclined heel of the pawl runs upon IOf andthence to earth.

the pin q and the pawl is thrown out of engagement with the ratchet,permitting the further free revolution of the reel. The pin n havingbeen carried away from the end of the vertical lever O, therecordingstyluses are lowered upon the tape, and similarly the feed orpressure roll L is permitted to descend upon the tape, which is lyingupon the face of the constantly-revolving roll L The instrument istherefore thrown into operation, but there has been an accumulation ofslack tape and an impulse of rotation is imparted to the reel, so thatat any speed that it may be overtaken there is a minimum strain upon thetape and breakage of it is avoided.

In order that the operator in charge of the receiver may know that thetransmission of a message is continuing regularly, I provide a telltalethat audibly indicates such regular transmission and shows any break orinterruption therein. The arrangement to this end may be as follows andas indicated at the receiving-station in dotted lines, such mode ofillustration being adopted to avoid con fusion: The circuit afterpassing through the neutral relay or magnet H, as shown by the dottedlines, passes to a polarized relay PR The local circuit of the sounder Sis controlled by the polarized relay. The transmitted impulses are ofvarying polarity to cause the operation of the polarized relay and thesounder to audibly indicate to the operator that the signaling impulsesare arriving in proper regularity. Should the circuit be interrupted forany cause, the cessation of action of the polarized relay or sounderwill indicate to the operator that there is some break or disturbance inthe circuit. The sounder may of course be dispensed with and the relaybe relied upon to give the necessary indication. This arrangement I havecalled a telltale device. The self-in duction of the magnet H and of thepolarized relay PR may be regulated by shunts and resistances, so as toneutralize the tail ing effects of the signaling-current, as is wellunderstood,-and these devices in that sense I have termed aself-induction generator.

I claim as my invention-- 1. In an automatic transmitter adapted to beoperated by a prepared tape or ribbon to send successive signalingimpulses into the line, the combination of the contact devicescontrolled by the tape, to make and break connection of the battery withthe line and to close the circuit of the battery after the passage ofthe tape, the main battery, and means for automatically preventing theshortcircuiting of the battery at the transmittingstation when thetransmission of the message is completed.

2. In an automatic transmitter, the combination of the opposedcontact-fingers, which come in contact through openings or perforationsin the transmitting-tape, and also after the passage of the tape, themain battery connected with such contact-fingers, and

means for automatically preventing the shortcircuiting of the mainbattery at the transmitting-station when the transmission of the messageis completed.

3. The combination of the opposed contactfingers adapted to make contactthrough the openings or perforations in the transmittingtape and alsoafter the passage of the tape, one set of the fingers being connectedwith theline and the other set respectively with the opposite poles ofthe split main battery, and means for preventing the short-circuitin gof the main battery at the transmittingstation when the transmission ofthe message is completed.

4':- In an automatic transmitter, the combination, substantially as setforth, of the main battery. the contact devices controlled by thetransmitting tape, the magnet included in the local circuit, and meansfor causing such magnet to effect the opening of one side of the circuitof the main battery at the transmitting-station when the transmission ofthe message is completed.

5. In an automatic transmitter, the combination of a transmitting tapehaving two lines of perforations, one for transmitting impulses of onepolarity representing dots, and the other for transmitting impulses ofanother polarity representing dashes, a divided main battery, twocontact'fingers on one side of the tape and respectively in line withthe lines of perforations and respectively connected With opposite polesof the divided battery, a contact upon the opposite side of the tapeconnected with the line and with which either of the first-named contactdevices is adapted to make contact through the perforations in the tape,and also after the passage of the tape, and means for preventing theshort-circuiting of the battery through the local circuit establishedafter the passage of the transmitting tape.

6. In an automatic telegraph, the combination of the transmitter adaptedto send successive signaling impulses, and at the termination of thetransmission of the message a prolonged impulse over the line, of areceiving instrument having means for drawing the paper receiving-tapeindependently of received signalingimp ulses and means for antomaticallystopping the strain upon the receiving-tape and arresting the reelthereof on the reception of such prolonged impulse.

7. In an automatic telegraph, the combination of a transmitter adaptedto send successive signaling impulses, and at the termination of thetransmission of a message a prolonged impulse over the line, means fordrawing the paper receiving-tape independently of the received signalingimpulses of a relay or magnet irresponsive. to such signaling-currents,but responsive to such prolonged currents, a local circuit controlled bysaid magnet, and electromagnetic devices therein for stopping the strainupon the receiving-tape and arresting the rotation of the reel.

8. In a telegraph-receiver in which the received message is recordedupon a tape, the combination of means for imparting an impulse ofrotation to the reel, and means for at the same time throwing intoeffective action the drawing or feeding devices by which the tape isdrawn from the reel.

9. In an automatic telegraph, a receiving instrument having a magnetirresponsive to the rapid signaling impulses, but responsive to aprolonged impulse received over the line, means for drawing the paperreceiving-tape independently of the received signaling impulses andmeans for stopping the strain or draft upon the receiving-tape andarresting the rotation of its reel upon the actuation of the magnet bysuch prolonged impulse.

10. In an automatic telegraph, a receiving instrument having a magnetirresponsive to the rapid signaling impulses, but responsive to aprolonged impulse received over the line, and means for stopping thestrain or draft upon the receiving-tape and arresting the rotation ofits reel upon the actuation of the magnet by such prolonged impulse, incombin ation with means for imparting an impulse of rotation to the reelof the receiving-tape and at the same time throwing into effectiveoperation the draft or feeding devices that draw the tape from the reel.

11. In an automatic telegraph receiving instrument, the combination ofthe receivingtape and its reel, the drawing or feeding devices fordrawing the tape from the reel,means for automatically stopping theeffective strain of the drawing or feeding devices upon the tape, and atthe same time arresting the rotation of the reel, and means for throwingthe receiving-tape again into operation, consisting of devices wherebyan impulse of rotation is imparted to the reel and the feeding ordrawing devices thrown into effective action, substantially as setforth.

12. In a chemical telegraph system in which signaling-currents of bothpolarities are transmitted,a receiver,comprisin g the combination withseparate styluses for recording dots and dashes and the circuit in whichthey are located, of a polarized relay in shunt-circuit therewith, andresponding to the changes in polarity of the transmittedsignalingimpulses to serve as a telltale or indicator.

13. In a chemical telegraph system in which signaling-currents of bothpolarities are transmitted,a receiver, comprising the combination withseparate recordingstyluses for recording dots and dashes and the circuitin which they are included, of a polarized electromagnetic device inderived or shunt circuit to the styluscircuit of such character as to beresponsive to the changes in polarity of the transmitted signalingimpulses, and therefore to act as a telltale or indicator, and of suchself-induction as to neutralize the tailing effects of the receivedsignaling impulses.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto subscribed my name.

PATRICK BERNARD DELANY.

Witnesses:

EDWARD O. DAVIDSON, LLOYD B. WIGHT.

